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Aswan

Egypt property AswanAswan is situated about 130 miles south of Luxor on what was once the southern border of Ancient Egypt. It lies on the east bank of the Nile at a point where the river cuts its way through the granite rock of the first of the cataracts. Aswan is one of the driest inhabited places in the world; as of early 2001, the last rain here was 6 years ago. In Nubian settlements they generally do not bother to roof all of the rooms in their houses.

This is identified with the ancient city of Syene, which is famous for providing a basis on which Eratosthenes disputed the Flat Earth theory and attempted to determine the circumference of the Earth, using Syene as the originating point and Alexandria as the terminal point of a measured arc to make an accurate estimate of the circumference of the Earth.

At Aswan the green, fertile belt of the Nile Valley is interrupted and replaced in mid-desert. Sandstone is replaced by granite in the form of two rocky barriers which hold back the Nile and also harbor the quarries exploited early on in history by the great builder-pharaohs. Khnum is the lord of the cataract and master of a gulf which was believed to be the source of the Nile floods. From ancient times Aswan was a huge market situated at the crossroads of the routes from Africa, the western deserts of Egypt and India.

This frontier trading-post, visited by people from a number of different countries, was also an important strategic point. It has served as a base for Roman garrisons, for the Turkish troops of the Ottoman sultan Selim in 1517, for the army of General Kitchener during the conquest of the Sudan (1896-8) and is now a major garrison for the modern Egyptian army.

The British began construction of the first dam in 1899 and it was completed in 1902. The project was designed by Sir William Willcocks and involved several eminent engineers including Sir Benjamin Baker and Sir John Aird, whose firm, John Aird & Company, was the main contractor. A gravity dam, it was 1,900 m long and 54 m high. The initial design was soon found to be inadequate and the height of the dam was raised in two phases, 1907–1912 and 1929–1933.

When the dam almost overflowed in 1946 it was decided that rather than raise the dam a third time, a second dam would be built 6 km up-river(about 4 miles). Proper planning began in 1952, just after the Nasser revolution, and at first the US and Britain were to help finance construction with a loan of USD $270 million. Both nations canceled the offer in July 1956 for reasons not entirely known.

A secret Egyptian arms agreement with the USSR and Egyptian recognition of the People's Republic of China are cited as possible reasons. Soon thereafter, Nasser nationalized the Suez Canal, intending to use its tolls to subsidize the High Dam project. This prompted Britain, France, and Israel to attack Egypt, occupying the Suez Canal and precipitating the Suez Crisis.

The United Nations, US, and USSR forced the invaders to withdraw and the canal was left in Egyptian hands. The Egyptian government continued to intend to finace the dam project alone by using the revenues of the Suez Canal to help pay for construction. But as part of the Cold War struggle for influence in Africa the Soviet Union stepped in 1958, and possibly a third of the cost of the dam was paid for as a gift. The Soviets also provided technicians and heavy machinery. The enormous rock and clay dam was designed by the Russian Zuk Hydroproject Institute.

Construction began in 1960. The High Dam, El Saad al Aali, was completed on July 21, 1970, with the first stage finished in 1964. The reservoir began filling in 1964 while the dam was still under construction and first reached capacity in 1976. The reservoir raised concerns from archaeologists and a rescue operation was begun in 1960 under UNESCO. Sites were surveyed and excavated and 24 major monuments were moved to safer locations (see Abu Simbel) or granted to countries that helped with the works (such as the Debod temple in Madrid and the Temple of Dendur in New York).


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Egypt Real Estate
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Hotel For Sale Luxor
Hotel for sale in Egypt - Luxor City Centre Location: Luxor Category: * * * * Ref: GA01 Price: P.O.A.

Egypt Real Estate
Property for sale in Egypt - Apartment Location: Luxor Ref: PJ5007 Price: £ 43,000 Details: Beds: 3 | Baths:2 | Built M2 180 | Pool: No |

Egypt Real Estate
Property for sale in Egypt - Apartment Location: Luxor Ref: PJ5006 Price: £ 43,000 Details: Beds: 2 | Baths:1 | Built M2 180 | Pool: No |

Egypt Real Estate
Property for sale in Egypt - Apartment Location: Luxor Ref: EA226 Price: £ 39,950 Details: Beds: 2 | Baths:1 | Built M2 120 | Pool: No |

Egypt Real Estate
Property for sale in Egypt - Apartment Location: Luxor Ref: CC5014 Price: £ 33,000 Details: Beds:- | Baths:1 | Built M2 140 | Pool: No |

Egypt Real Estate
Property for sale in Egypt - Apartment Location: Luxor Ref: EA227 Price: £ 33,000 Details: Beds:3 | Baths:1 | Built M2 160 | Pool: No |

Egypt Real Estate
Property for sale in Egypt - Apartment Location: Luxor Ref: EA222 Price: £ 30,000 Details: Beds:2 | Baths:1 | Built M2 100 | Pool: No |

Egypt Real Estate
Property for sale in Egypt - Apartment Location: Sharm El Sheikh Ref: PJ5001 Price: £ 28,000 Details: Beds:1 | Baths:1 | Built M2 - | Pool: Yes |

Egypt Real Estate
Property for sale in Egypt - Apartment Location: Sharm El Sheikh Ref: PJ5000 Price: £ 25,000 Details: Beds:1 | Baths:1 | Built M2 - | Pool: Yes |

Egypt Real Estate
Property for sale in Egypt - Apartment Location: Luxor Ref: EA111 Price: £ 24,500 Details: Beds:2 | Baths:1 | Built M2 145 | Pool: No |

Egypt Real Estate
Property for sale in Egypt - Apartment Location: Sharm El Sheikh Ref: MDC5000 Price: £ 24,000 Details: Beds:1 | Baths:1 | Built M2 78 | Pool: Yes |

Egypt Real Estate
Property for sale in Egypt - Apartment Location: Luxor Ref: EA110 Price: £ 19,995 Details: Beds:3 | Baths:1 | Built M2 150 | Pool: No |

Egypt Real Estate
Real Estate for sale in Egypt - Apartment Building (4 Apartments) Location: Luxor Ref: G7919 Price: £350,000 GBP Details: Beds:- | Baths: - | Built: M2 - | Plot: M2 - | Pool: Yes | | Garage: -

Egypt Real Estate
Real Estate for sale in Egypt - Apartment Location: Luxor Ref: G5582 Price: £82,000 GBP Details: Beds: 3 | Baths: 1 | Built: M2 - | Plot: M2 - | Pool: Yes | | Garage: -

Egypt Real Estate
Real Estate for sale in Egypt - Apartment Location: Luxor Ref: G7296 Price: £55,000 GBP Details: Beds: 2 | Baths: 1 | Built: M2 - | Plot: M2 - | Pool: -| | Garage: -



Aswan links:
http://www.aswanguide.com/
http://homepage.powerup.com.au/~ancient/aswan.htm
http://www.world66.com/africa/egypt/aswan
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aswan